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Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah)

Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith # 2970

Hadith on Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah) of Sahih Bukhari 2970 is about The Book Of Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah) as written by Imam Abu Dawood. The original Hadith is written in Arabic and translated in English and Urdu. The chapter Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai' Wal-Imarah) has 161 as total Hadith on this topic.

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حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ صَالِحٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فِيهِ:‏‏‏‏ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهَا ذَلِكَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ لَسْتُ تَارِكًا شَيْئًا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ إِلَّا عَمِلْتُ بِهِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏إِنِّي أَخْشَى إِنْ تَرَكْتُ شَيْئًا مِنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ أَزِيغَ فَأَمَّا صَدَقَتُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَدَفَعَهَا عُمَرُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَعَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فَغَلَبَهُ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهَا وَأَمَّا خَيْبَرُ وَفَدَكُ فَأَمْسَكَهُمَا عُمَرُ وَقَالَ:‏‏‏‏ هُمَا صَدَقَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَتَا لِحُقُوقِهِ الَّتِي تَعْرُوهُ وَنَوَائِبِهِ وَأَمْرُهُمَا إِلَى مَنْ وَلِيَ الأَمْرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ فَهُمَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ.

اس سند سے بھی ام المؤمنین عائشہ رضی اللہ عنہا سے یہی حدیث مروی ہے اس میں یہ ہے کہ   ابوبکر رضی اللہ عنہ نے اس کے دینے سے انکار کیا اور کہا: میں کوئی ایسی چیز چھوڑ نہیں سکتا جسے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کرتے رہے ہوں، میں بھی وہی کروں گا، میں ڈرتا ہوں کہ آپ کے کسی حکم کو چھوڑ کر گمراہ نہ ہو جاؤں۔ پھر عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے آپ کے مدینہ کے صدقے کو علی اور عباس رضی اللہ عنہما کی تحویل میں دے دیا، علی رضی اللہ عنہ اس پر غالب اور قابض رہے، رہا خیبر اور فدک تو عمر رضی اللہ عنہ نے ان دونوں کو روکے رکھا اور کہا کہ یہ دونوں آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے وہ صدقے ہیں جو آپ کی پیش آمدہ ضروریات اور مشکلات و حوادث، مجاہدین کی تیاری، اسلحہ کی خریداری اور مسافروں کی خبرگیری وغیرہ امور ) میں کام آتے تھے ان کا اختیار اس کو رہے گا جو والی ( یعنی خلیفہ ) ہو۔ راوی کہتے ہیں: تو وہ دونوں آج تک ایسے ہی رہے۔

Narrating the above tradition, Aishah added: Abu Bakr refused that to her. Her said: I am not going to leave anything the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم used to do but I shall carry it out. I fear if I depart a little from his practice, I shall diverge (from the right path). As regards his sadaqah (property) at Madina, Umar had given it to Ali ad Abbas (Allah be pleased with them), and Ali dominated it. As for Khaibar and Fadak, Umar retained them. He said: They were the sadaqah (property) of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم, exclusively reserved for his purposes that happened, and for his emergent needs. Their management was assigned to the one who was in authority. He said: They are in that condition to the present day.

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Hadith 2928

Narrated Abdullah bin Umar: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying: Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock. The amir (ruler) who is over the people is a shepherd and is responsible for hs flock ; a man is a shepherd in charge of the inhabitants of his household and he is responsible for his flock ; a woman is a shepherdess in charge of her husband's house and children and she is responsible for them; and a man's slave is a shepherd in charge of his master's property and he is responsible for it. So each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock.

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Hadith 2929

Narrated Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said to me: Abdul al-Rahman bin Samurah, do not ask for the position of commander, for if you are given it after asking you will be left to discharge it yourself, but if you are given it without asking you will be helped to discharge it.

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Hadith 2930

Narrated Abu Musa: I went along with two men to see the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. One of them recited tashahhud and said: We have come to you so that you may employ us for your work. The other also said the same thing. He (the Prophet) replied: The most faithless of you in our eyes is the one who asked for it (responsible post). Abu Musa then apologized to the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم and said: I did not know why they came to you. He did not employ them for anything until he died.

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Hadith 2931

Narrated Anas: The Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم appointed Ubn Umm Makthum as a governor of Madina (in his absence) twice.

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Hadith 2932

Narrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said: When Allah has a good purpose for a ruler, He appoints for him a sincere minister who reminds him if he forgets and helps him if he remembers; but when Allah has a different purpose from that for him. He appoints for him an evil minister who does not remind him if he forgets and does not help him if he remembers.

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